The Fluorometer is supplied with three, optionally four, sets of light-emitting diodes that generate:
- Measuring flashes, typically 2-5 µs long. Standard color: red-orange, λmax=617 nm, or blue, λmax=455 nm.
- Single-turnover saturating flashes, typically 20-50 µs long. Standard color: red, λmax=630 nm.
- Continuous actinic light. The maximum intensity is 2,500 µmol(photons).m-2.s-1. Standard color: red, λmax=630 nm, or blue, λmax=455 nm.
- Additional far-red light (λmax=735 nm) for Photosystem I excitation (optional).
Fluorometer FL 3500 Light Scheme / Spectral Characteristics
Light intensities and timing are software controlled separately for each LED set. The data are processed and the instrument is controlled by the FluorWin software (Windows 95/98/2000/XP compatible). As an option, the customer can also choose light-emitting diodes of different wavelengths. Contact PSI for your specific needs.
The instrument capacity can be enhanced by accurate temperature regulation provided by the PSI Thermoregulator and Magnetic Stirrer
Thermoregulator / Magnetic Stirrer
- Chloroplasts & thylakoids
- Algae & cyanobacteria
- Small leaves or leaf segments
- Fluorescence induction
- Pulse amplitude modulation measurements (PAM)
- Fast OJIP transient capture
- Rapid measurements of QA-reoxidation kinetics
- State transitions
- Quenching parameters
- Photochemical yields
- Creation and archivation of experimental protocols.
- FluorWin Wizard for automated protocols.
- Retrieval and export of experimental data.
- Data manipulation and visualization.
FluorWin Software: Wizard / Graph Window
- Trtilek M. et al. (1997): J. Lumin. 72 (74): 597-599.
- Skotnica J. et al. (2000): Photosynth. Res. 65 (1): 29-40.
- Mock T. and Kroon B.M.A. (2002): Phytochemistry 61, pp. 41-51.
- Mock T. and Valentin K. (2004): J. Phycol. 40, pp. 732-741.
- Nedbal L. et al. (2005): Photosynth. Res. 84: 99-106.
- Shlyk-Kerner O. et al. (2006): Nature 442: 827-830.
- Vaczi P. and Bartak M. (2006): Biol. Plant. 50 (2): 257-264.
- Lazar D. (2006): Functional Plant Biology 33 (1): 9-30.
Pricing
- Orders and Payments
- Superhead Standard Fluorometer FL 3500/S 8.490,- €
- Fluorometer Optional Accessories - Infra-Red LED Unit 1.490,- €
- Fluorometer Optional Accessories - Submersible Head 3.490,- €
- Fluorometer Optional Accessories - SuperHead 3.490,- €
- Fluorometer Optional Accessories - Leaf Clip 2.890,- €
- Fluorometer Optional Accessories - Thermoregulator TR 2000 2.999,- €
- Fluorometer Optional Accessories - Magnetic Stirrer 998,- €
- Fluorometer Optional Accessories - Oxygen Detector Module 1.550,- €
- Fluorometer Optional Accessories - Oxygen Electrode 690,- €
Optional Features and Accessories
Thermoregulator TR 2000
Provides precise temperature control in the range of 0°C to +70°C with an accuracy of 0.1°C. Includes control unit and temperature controller.
Magnetic Stirrer
Allows continuous, uniform stirring; can be controlled by the Fluorometer Control Unit.
Oxygen Detector
For oxygen detection based on dynamic quenching of fluorescence.
Infra-Red LED Unit
Allows measuring Fo' and PAR absorbance.
Submersible Head
For underwater experiments. Operating depth ca 1 m.
Additional SuperHead
Fluorometer standard configuration can be enhanced by adding a second SuperHead. This SuperHead can be constructed with respect to customer's experimental needs: specific LED colors (Blue, Cyan, Amber) and detection bands (ChlA, ChlB).
Download
FluorWin 3.6
OS: Win2000/XP
Language: English
Size: 2.2MB
Documents
Fluorometer FL3000X User's Guide
Type: PDF
Language: English
Size: 598kB
Algal Online Monitor Operation Manual
Type: PDF
Language: English
Size: 2MB
Other Fluorometers
Highly compact:
Measuring optical head with a standard cuvette for sample suspensions of aquatic or terrestrial plants.
Typical samples:
Suspensions of photosynthetically active organisms, small leaves, or leaf segments.
SuperHead Fast FL 3500/F
Supported investigations:
- PAM measurements
- Fast kinetic measurements of OJIP
- Flash fluorescence induction
- State transitions etc.
Time resolution of 1 µs.
Algal Online Monitor
Flow-through monitoring:
Enables detection and continuous quantifying of photosynthetically active microorganisms in rivers, lakes, or artificial water reservoirs.
Detection limit: 30 ng Chl/l.
Submersible FL 3500/SM
Underwater experiments:
Maximum operating depth of the instrument is ca 1 meter. The measuring compartment is equipped with a practical holder.
Typical samples:
Plants, corals and seaweed.
Leaf-Clip FL 3500/LC
Measuring in leaves:
Equipped with a non-intrusive leaf-clip, this version is designed to measure fluorescence of plant leaves or their segments.
Measured area:
circle 12.7 mm (0.5 inch) in diameter.
High Sensitivity FL 3500/HS
Highlights:
- High sensitivity
- Detection limit: 1 ng Chl/l
- Fluorescence induction measurements
- QA-reoxidation kinetics in pico-molar chlorophyll concentrations.
Online Ultra-High Sensitivity FL 5000/US-O
Highlights:
- Compact, powerful system
- Simple operation via the touch screen
- Utra-high sensitivity
- Detection limit: 0.1 ng Chl/l
- Web interface.